Web3
What are gas fees, and why do they change?
Gas fees are auction prices for scarce block space. Here is the mechanism behind the number — including what Ethereum's 2021 EIP-1559 change did and did not…
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Web3
Web3 covers applications built on public chains: identity systems, decentralized storage, governance organizations and on-chain finance. Each gets measured against the centralized alternative on cost, speed, censorship resistance and failure modes. Written for builders and evaluators deciding whether a use case genuinely benefits from decentralization.
Decentralized identity, storage, governance and finance examined for what they gain and what they cost against the ordinary services they aim to replace.
Web3
What is an NFT, and what do you actually own?
An NFT is a blockchain record of one specific item. When you buy it, you own the record — not automatically the art, the file, or the rights.
Web3
What is a DAO?
A DAO is an organization whose rules live in code and whose members vote with tokens. Some run billion-dollar protocols; others can't order office supplies.
Web3
What is a dApp, and how is it different?
A dApp is an app whose engine runs on a blockchain. The login is your wallet, the rules are public code, and the trade-offs are real.
Web3
What is a smart contract?
A smart contract is code on a blockchain that executes agreed terms by itself. The automation is real — and so are the bugs.