Web3
How do Ethereum rollups work, and why do they make transactions cheaper?
Rollups process transactions off Ethereum's main chain and post a compressed record back to it, inheriting Ethereum's security while cutting fees — but…
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Web3
Web3 covers applications built on public chains: identity systems, decentralized storage, governance organizations and on-chain finance. Each gets measured against the centralized alternative on cost, speed, censorship resistance and failure modes. Written for builders and evaluators deciding whether a use case genuinely benefits from decentralization.
Decentralized identity, storage, governance and finance examined for what they gain and what they cost against the ordinary services they aim to replace.
Web3
What is a token standard? ERC-20 and ERC-721
A token standard is the shared rulebook that lets any wallet hold any token. ERC-20 covers interchangeable units, ERC-721 covers unique ones — here is why that…
Web3
What is an ENS domain name?
An ENS domain is a readable name like name.eth that maps to a blockchain address. How resolution works, why names became collectibles, and what scammers do with…
Web3
Custodial vs. self-custody wallets
The only real question is who holds the keys. A side-by-side comparison of the two wallet models — and an honest look at how each one fails.
Web3
DeFi basics: lending and trading without banks
DeFi is finance built from smart contracts — real services, real yields, and risks a bank normally absorbs, moved onto your side of the table.